Average weekly hours spent on home production

U.S. women aged 14 and older, 1900–2005

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Home production is defined as “planning, purchasing goods and services (except medical and personal care services), care of children and adults (both in the household and outside the household), general cleaning, care and repair of the house and grounds (including yard work, but excluding gardening), preparing and clearing food, making, mending, and laundering of clothing and other household textiles.”

Source: Ramey, Valerie R. (2009); Francis, Neville. "A Century of Work and Leisure."