| Country | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | -2.18 | -2.16 | -2.14 | -2.19 | -2.23 | -1.90 | -1.57 | -1.08 | -0.89 | -1.21 | -1.43 | -1.40 | -1.50 | -1.48 | -1.45 | -1.45 | -1.36 | -1.38 | -1.33 | -1.32 | -1.22 |
| Albania | -0.69 | -0.66 | -0.63 | -0.70 | -0.76 | -0.65 | -0.53 | -0.54 | -0.42 | -0.66 | -0.52 | -0.41 | -0.36 | -0.26 | -0.28 | -0.21 | -0.27 | -0.32 | -0.09 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
| Algeria | -1.09 | -0.96 | -0.83 | -0.90 | -0.96 | -0.78 | -0.60 | -0.61 | -0.57 | -0.47 | -0.47 | -0.57 | -0.63 | -0.58 | -0.48 | -0.56 | -0.53 | -0.53 | -0.48 | -0.50 | -0.54 |
| American Samoa | -0.11 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.49 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.44 | 0.49 | 0.53 | ||||||||
| Andorra | 1.41 | 1.44 | 1.46 | 1.46 | 1.45 | 1.44 | 1.42 | 1.41 | 1.52 | 1.29 | 1.54 | 1.51 | 1.54 | 1.54 | 1.52 | 1.50 | 1.53 | 1.54 | 1.72 | 1.79 | 1.86 |
| Angola | -0.86 | -1.10 | -1.34 | -1.40 | -1.46 | -1.35 | -1.24 | -1.16 | -1.31 | -1.14 | -1.37 | -1.21 | -1.06 | -0.96 | -1.12 | -1.15 | -0.99 | -1.22 | -1.12 | -1.00 | -1.04 |
| Anguilla | 1.08 | 1.56 | 1.54 | 1.51 | 1.54 | 1.54 | 1.52 | 1.50 | 1.53 | 1.54 | 0.95 | 1.01 | 1.33 | ||||||||
| Antigua and Barbuda | 0.64 | 0.67 | 0.69 | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.64 | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.56 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.49 | -0.07 | 0.23 | 0.27 |
| Argentina | 0.17 | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.21 | 0.03 | -0.13 | -0.28 | -0.05 | -0.06 | -0.12 | -0.05 | -0.02 | -0.15 | -0.32 | -0.16 | -0.12 | -0.24 | -0.28 | -0.16 | -0.07 | 0.18 |
| Armenia | -0.38 | -0.43 | -0.48 | -0.50 | -0.52 | -0.31 | -0.09 | -0.16 | -0.09 | -0.14 | -0.25 | -0.38 | -0.17 | -0.03 | -0.18 | -0.13 | -0.04 | 0.07 | -0.20 | -0.16 | -0.15 |
| Aruba | 1.30 | 1.29 | 1.29 | 1.25 | 1.28 | 1.50 | 1.25 | 1.24 | 1.25 | 1.23 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.90 | ||||||||
| Australia | 1.80 | 1.74 | 1.68 | 1.75 | 1.81 | 1.77 | 1.72 | 1.84 | 2.01 | 1.75 | 1.71 | 1.83 | 1.79 | 1.71 | 1.77 | 1.70 | 1.62 | 1.64 | 1.61 | 1.56 | 1.58 |
| Austria | 1.73 | 1.80 | 1.87 | 1.90 | 1.93 | 1.94 | 1.94 | 2.00 | 1.87 | 1.68 | 1.83 | 1.87 | 1.78 | 1.67 | 1.84 | 1.62 | 1.58 | 1.59 | 1.57 | 1.48 | 1.51 |
| Azerbaijan | -0.92 | -0.95 | -0.98 | -1.00 | -1.01 | -0.97 | -0.93 | -0.77 | -0.74 | -0.73 | -0.65 | -0.79 | -0.77 | -0.66 | -0.81 | -0.77 | -0.78 | -0.48 | -0.36 | -0.26 | -0.16 |
| Bahamas | 1.37 | 1.35 | 1.32 | 1.31 | 1.30 | 1.31 | 1.31 | 1.28 | 1.22 | 1.21 | 1.17 | 1.11 | 1.15 | 1.01 | 1.08 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.87 | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.72 |
| Bahrain | 0.78 | 0.69 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.57 | 0.55 | 0.48 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.59 | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.32 |
| Bangladesh | -0.69 | -0.57 | -0.44 | -0.51 | -0.58 | -0.64 | -0.69 | -0.73 | -0.82 | -0.91 | -0.82 | -0.70 | -0.73 | -0.79 | -0.74 | -0.76 | -0.80 | -0.79 | -0.77 | -0.72 | -0.69 |
| Barbados | 1.41 | 1.44 | 1.46 | 1.46 | 1.45 | 1.44 | 1.42 | 1.41 | 1.21 | 1.30 | 1.45 | 1.33 | 1.57 | 1.48 | 1.41 | 1.47 | 1.46 | 1.36 | 1.20 | 1.03 | 1.08 |
| Belarus | -0.38 | -0.49 | -0.60 | -0.60 | -0.60 | -0.76 | -0.92 | -0.92 | -1.07 | -1.08 | -1.12 | -1.11 | -1.11 | -1.13 | -1.11 | -1.08 | -0.90 | -0.90 | -0.49 | -0.46 | -0.51 |
| Belgium | 1.71 | 1.78 | 1.84 | 1.79 | 1.73 | 1.86 | 1.98 | 1.93 | 1.88 | 1.71 | 1.75 | 1.61 | 1.39 | 1.57 | 1.58 | 1.66 | 1.60 | 1.61 | 1.38 | 1.44 | 1.33 |
| Belize | 0.39 | 0.24 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | -0.06 | -0.26 | -0.09 | -0.33 | -0.45 | -0.51 | -0.45 | -0.43 | -0.38 | -0.32 | -0.33 | -0.66 | -0.68 | -0.68 |
| Benin | -0.38 | -0.31 | -0.23 | -0.23 | -0.23 | -0.30 | -0.37 | -0.28 | -0.36 | -0.66 | -0.61 | -0.53 | -0.46 | -0.58 | -0.59 | -0.55 | -0.52 | -0.49 | -0.46 | -0.62 | -0.57 |
| Bermuda | 1.16 | 1.19 | 1.21 | 1.20 | 1.18 | 1.17 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 1.18 | 1.03 | 1.03 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 1.01 | 0.95 | 1.01 | 1.33 |
| Bhutan | 0.64 | 0.63 | 0.61 | 0.72 | 0.83 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.49 | 0.02 | 0.32 | 0.24 | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.49 | 0.58 | 0.63 | 0.51 | 0.40 | 0.26 | 0.41 | 0.49 |
| Bolivia | -0.17 | -0.12 | -0.07 | -0.22 | -0.36 | -0.33 | -0.30 | -0.32 | -0.59 | -0.69 | -0.72 | -0.57 | -0.62 | -0.60 | -0.50 | -0.47 | -0.37 | -0.39 | -0.59 | -0.65 | -0.57 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | -1.19 | -1.14 | -1.08 | -0.96 | -0.84 | -0.90 | -0.96 | -0.75 | -0.63 | -0.76 | -0.62 | -0.84 | -0.60 | -0.72 | -0.74 | -0.74 | -0.46 | -0.43 | -0.45 | -0.55 | -0.43 |
| Botswana | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.57 | 0.61 | 0.73 | 0.61 | 0.65 | 0.51 | 0.60 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.48 | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.50 | 0.51 |
| Brazil | -0.14 | -0.11 | -0.08 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.20 | 0.02 | -0.10 | -0.32 | -0.21 | -0.09 | -0.09 | -0.04 | -0.12 | -0.13 | -0.09 | -0.14 | -0.18 | -0.18 |
| Brunei | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.75 | 0.24 | 0.60 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 0.89 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.87 | 1.09 | 1.06 | 1.07 |
| Bulgaria | -0.04 | -0.12 | -0.20 | 0.00 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.18 | -0.06 | -0.01 | -0.05 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.08 | 0.21 | 0.29 | ||
| Burkina Faso | -0.93 | -0.82 | -0.71 | -0.65 | -0.58 | -0.63 | -0.68 | -0.56 | -0.51 | -0.58 | -0.76 | -0.75 | -0.49 | -0.59 | -0.57 | -0.56 | -0.62 | -0.66 | -0.58 | -0.59 | -0.55 |
| Burundi | -1.66 | -1.62 | -1.58 | -1.48 | -1.38 | -1.39 | -1.40 | -1.39 | -1.31 | -1.25 | -1.10 | -1.27 | -1.13 | -1.05 | -1.10 | -1.06 | -1.32 | -1.06 | -1.13 | -1.16 | -1.40 |
| Ivory Coast | -0.26 | -0.25 | -0.23 | -0.53 | -0.82 | -0.85 | -0.88 | -0.98 | -1.26 | -1.32 | -1.16 | -1.21 | -1.24 | -1.11 | -1.29 | -1.16 | -1.10 | -0.93 | -0.83 | -0.68 | -0.67 |
| Cambodia | -0.72 | -0.87 | -1.02 | -0.93 | -0.83 | -0.82 | -0.81 | -0.85 | -0.89 | -1.00 | -0.97 | -0.90 | -0.99 | -0.95 | -0.94 | -0.86 | -0.82 | -0.91 | -0.69 | -0.70 | -0.69 |
| Cameroon | -1.08 | -0.95 | -0.81 | -0.78 | -0.75 | -0.80 | -0.85 | -0.70 | -0.70 | -0.91 | -0.95 | -0.84 | -0.81 | -0.84 | -0.89 | -0.89 | -0.90 | -0.92 | -0.79 | -0.77 | -0.76 |
| Canada | 1.74 | 1.85 | 1.95 | 1.94 | 1.93 | 1.93 | 1.92 | 1.99 | 1.92 | 1.89 | 1.90 | 1.76 | 1.79 | 1.75 | 1.78 | 1.78 | 1.77 | 1.79 | 1.76 | 1.76 | 1.80 |
| Cape Verde | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.32 | 0.12 | -0.08 | -0.02 | -0.03 | -0.21 | 0.16 | 0.35 | 0.07 | 0.05 | -0.02 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 0.10 | ||
| Cayman Islands | 1.93 | 1.96 | 1.98 | 1.98 | 1.97 | 1.97 | 1.96 | 1.41 | 1.28 | 1.29 | 1.29 | 1.25 | 1.28 | 1.27 | 1.25 | 1.24 | 1.25 | 1.23 | 1.18 | 1.17 | 1.18 |
| Central African Republic | -1.41 | -1.33 | -1.25 | -1.29 | -1.32 | -1.43 | -1.54 | -1.46 | -1.53 | -1.56 | -1.50 | -1.54 | -1.37 | -1.41 | -1.39 | -1.28 | -1.45 | -1.61 | -1.85 | -1.78 | -1.77 |
| Chad | -0.64 | -0.61 | -0.58 | -0.64 | -0.70 | -0.78 | -0.85 | -1.05 | -1.17 | -1.38 | -1.48 | -1.63 | -1.58 | -1.45 | -1.47 | -1.37 | -1.49 | -1.39 | -1.50 | -1.46 | -1.49 |
| Chile | 1.34 | 1.27 | 1.20 | 1.16 | 1.12 | 1.14 | 1.15 | 1.22 | 1.19 | 1.24 | 1.03 | 1.28 | 1.17 | 1.25 | 1.27 | 1.25 | 1.26 | 1.26 | 1.16 | 1.09 | 1.02 |
| China | -0.35 | -0.24 | -0.12 | -0.12 | -0.11 | -0.09 | -0.06 | -0.08 | -0.06 | -0.12 | 0.07 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.41 | 0.36 |
| Colombia | -0.46 | -0.35 | -0.23 | -0.28 | -0.32 | -0.37 | -0.41 | -0.15 | -0.18 | -0.18 | -0.17 | -0.05 | -0.03 | -0.25 | -0.06 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.07 | -0.10 | -0.04 | 0.02 |
| Comoros | -1.66 | -1.62 | -1.58 | -1.39 | -1.19 | -1.00 | -0.80 | -1.28 | -1.54 | -1.60 | -1.68 | -1.76 | -1.78 | -1.77 | -1.74 | -1.76 | -1.55 | -1.59 | -1.67 | -1.52 | -1.54 |
| Congo (Kinshasa) | -1.65 | -1.77 | -1.88 | -1.88 | -1.88 | -1.79 | -1.69 | -1.53 | -1.45 | -1.57 | -1.62 | -1.75 | -1.67 | -1.69 | -1.74 | -1.68 | -1.65 | -1.48 | -1.56 | -1.63 | -1.51 |
| Congo (Brazzaville) | -1.17 | -1.15 | -1.13 | -1.20 | -1.26 | -1.26 | -1.25 | -1.23 | -1.09 | -1.27 | -1.26 | -1.32 | -1.22 | -1.23 | -1.23 | -1.20 | -1.17 | -1.16 | -1.11 | -1.02 | -1.10 |
| Cook Islands | 0.12 | 0.06 | -0.01 | -0.21 | -0.38 | 0.92 | 0.61 | 0.73 | -0.13 | -0.98 | -1.01 | -0.97 | -1.00 | -0.99 | |||||||
| Costa Rica | 0.47 | 0.41 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.50 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.38 | 0.36 |
| Croatia | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.44 | 0.46 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 0.57 | 0.60 | 0.62 | 0.56 | 0.71 | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.51 | 0.49 |
| Cuba | -0.91 | -0.71 | -0.50 | -0.43 | -0.36 | -0.46 | -0.55 | -0.31 | -0.45 | -0.54 | -0.24 | -0.20 | -0.38 | -0.36 | -0.36 | -0.38 | -0.40 | -0.44 | -0.05 | 0.02 | -0.13 |
| Cyprus | 1.17 | 1.21 | 1.25 | 1.19 | 1.13 | 1.24 | 1.35 | 1.18 | 1.13 | 1.16 | 1.27 | 1.43 | 1.53 | 1.42 | 1.53 | 1.56 | 1.39 | 1.37 | 1.14 | 1.05 | 0.98 |
| Czech Republic | 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.64 | 0.65 | 0.81 | 0.97 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.93 | 1.10 | 0.90 | 1.01 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.89 | 1.02 | 1.05 | 1.06 |
| Denmark | 1.76 | 1.87 | 1.98 | 1.98 | 1.98 | 2.04 | 2.09 | 2.15 | 2.31 | 2.12 | 2.23 | 2.35 | 2.25 | 2.23 | 2.10 | 2.10 | 1.98 | 1.99 | 1.82 | 1.85 | 1.89 |
| Djibouti | -0.89 | -0.96 | -1.03 | -1.03 | -1.03 | -0.92 | -0.80 | -0.66 | -0.59 | -0.80 | -0.88 | -0.86 | -0.87 | -0.89 | -0.97 | -0.95 | -1.06 | -0.96 | -0.97 | -0.95 | -0.97 |
| Dominica | 0.64 | 0.45 | 0.25 | 0.36 | 0.47 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.36 | 0.23 | 0.49 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.54 | 0.63 | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.66 | 0.71 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.05 |
| Dominican Republic | -0.22 | -0.37 | -0.52 | -0.42 | -0.32 | -0.36 | -0.39 | -0.54 | -0.68 | -0.55 | -0.59 | -0.67 | -0.62 | -0.61 | -0.64 | -0.59 | -0.51 | -0.47 | -0.44 | -0.36 | -0.25 |
| Ecuador | -0.48 | -0.50 | -0.51 | -0.64 | -0.77 | -0.81 | -0.84 | -0.86 | -0.91 | -0.95 | -1.00 | -0.87 | -0.86 | -0.79 | -0.72 | -0.58 | -0.50 | -0.50 | -0.47 | -0.44 | -0.43 |
| Egypt | -0.47 | -0.35 | -0.23 | -0.23 | -0.22 | -0.32 | -0.41 | -0.34 | -0.27 | -0.42 | -0.51 | -0.39 | -0.37 | -0.28 | -0.37 | -0.57 | -0.81 | -0.88 | -0.82 | -0.75 | -0.66 |
| El Salvador | -0.69 | -0.60 | -0.50 | -0.52 | -0.53 | -0.52 | -0.50 | -0.35 | -0.34 | -0.38 | -0.15 | -0.20 | -0.16 | -0.04 | 0.01 | -0.10 | -0.13 | -0.12 | -0.03 | -0.24 | -0.28 |
| Equatorial Guinea | -0.96 | -1.20 | -1.43 | -1.47 | -1.51 | -1.43 | -1.34 | -1.24 | -1.44 | -1.43 | -1.58 | -1.67 | -1.67 | -1.70 | -1.68 | -1.63 | -1.61 | -1.54 | -1.50 | -1.42 | -1.41 |
| Eritrea | -1.15 | -1.01 | -0.87 | -0.93 | -0.98 | -0.86 | -0.74 | -0.89 | -1.00 | -0.94 | -1.30 | -1.29 | -1.30 | -1.37 | -1.36 | -1.41 | -1.45 | -1.52 | -1.61 | -1.59 | -1.69 |
| Estonia | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.57 | 0.66 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.96 | 1.16 | 1.04 | 1.16 | 1.01 | 1.09 | 1.08 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 1.02 | 1.07 | 1.12 |
| Ethiopia | -1.21 | -1.07 | -0.92 | -0.91 | -0.90 | -0.90 | -0.90 | -0.88 | -0.79 | -0.92 | -0.66 | -0.44 | -0.40 | -0.50 | -0.43 | -0.48 | -0.43 | -0.61 | -0.42 | -0.65 | -0.64 |
| Fiji | -0.12 | -0.19 | -0.26 | -0.36 | -0.46 | -0.16 | 0.14 | -0.11 | -0.39 | -0.08 | -0.09 | -0.43 | -0.73 | -0.91 | -0.72 | -0.71 | -0.84 | -0.84 | -0.37 | -0.29 | -0.26 |
| Finland | 1.72 | 1.87 | 2.02 | 2.07 | 2.12 | 2.14 | 2.16 | 2.26 | 2.17 | 2.13 | 2.17 | 1.97 | 2.05 | 2.23 | 2.23 | 2.24 | 2.22 | 2.17 | 2.00 | 1.81 | 1.85 |
| France | 1.25 | 1.38 | 1.51 | 1.61 | 1.71 | 1.66 | 1.60 | 1.71 | 1.78 | 1.67 | 1.63 | 1.47 | 1.58 | 1.48 | 1.43 | 1.36 | 1.34 | 1.48 | 1.40 | 1.44 | 1.41 |
| French Guiana | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.68 | 0.76 | 0.77 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 1.20 | 1.21 | 1.19 | 1.15 | 1.10 | 1.13 | 1.12 | 1.14 |
| Gabon | -0.20 | -0.36 | -0.52 | -0.55 | -0.57 | -0.46 | -0.34 | -0.44 | -0.78 | -0.81 | -0.78 | -0.79 | -0.82 | -0.74 | -0.77 | -0.80 | -0.90 | -0.83 | -0.64 | -0.73 | -0.79 |
| Gambia | -0.62 | -0.54 | -0.45 | -0.46 | -0.47 | -0.55 | -0.63 | -0.48 | -0.55 | -0.72 | -0.68 | -0.57 | -0.72 | -0.67 | -0.68 | -0.61 | -0.51 | -0.71 | -0.67 | -0.90 | -0.84 |
| Georgia | -0.64 | -0.61 | -0.58 | -0.62 | -0.65 | -0.73 | -0.80 | -0.40 | -0.54 | -0.43 | -0.24 | 0.11 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.55 | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.49 | 0.40 | 0.51 |
| Germany | 1.72 | 1.80 | 1.88 | 1.89 | 1.89 | 1.81 | 1.72 | 1.42 | 1.49 | 1.51 | 1.65 | 1.64 | 1.52 | 1.58 | 1.57 | 1.55 | 1.59 | 1.54 | 1.73 | 1.74 | 1.74 |
| Ghana | -0.12 | -0.12 | -0.12 | -0.03 | 0.07 | -0.02 | -0.10 | -0.20 | -0.20 | -0.19 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.03 | -0.05 | -0.04 | -0.05 | -0.05 | -0.10 | -0.28 | -0.25 | -0.20 |
| Greece | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.71 | 0.63 | 0.73 | 0.82 | 0.76 | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.64 | 0.56 | 0.59 | 0.62 | 0.56 | 0.51 | 0.32 | 0.46 | 0.40 | 0.26 | 0.21 |
| Greenland | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.85 | |||||||||||||
| Grenada | 0.64 | 0.53 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.30 | 0.19 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.23 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.23 | -0.11 | -0.20 | -0.18 |
| Guam | 0.36 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.25 | -0.02 | -0.02 | -0.02 | -0.04 | -0.03 | 0.44 | 0.49 | 0.27 | ||||||||
| Guatemala | -0.45 | -0.44 | -0.42 | -0.47 | -0.51 | -0.51 | -0.50 | -0.49 | -0.70 | -0.72 | -0.61 | -0.55 | -0.56 | -0.71 | -0.70 | -0.70 | -0.76 | -0.70 | -0.73 | -0.71 | -0.60 |
| Guinea | -1.17 | -0.98 | -0.78 | -0.80 | -0.81 | -0.86 | -0.91 | -0.71 | -0.87 | -1.05 | -1.30 | -1.25 | -1.17 | -1.02 | -1.11 | -1.12 | -1.27 | -1.17 | -1.23 | -1.14 | -1.01 |
| Guinea Bissau | -1.41 | -1.34 | -1.26 | -1.14 | -1.01 | -1.05 | -1.09 | -1.22 | -1.46 | -1.36 | -1.10 | -1.08 | -1.04 | -1.03 | -1.03 | -1.03 | -1.23 | -1.43 | -1.58 | -1.61 | -1.64 |
| Guyana | -0.38 | -0.22 | -0.05 | -0.12 | -0.19 | -0.22 | -0.25 | -0.12 | -0.16 | -0.51 | -0.30 | -0.04 | -0.19 | -0.18 | -0.11 | -0.08 | -0.11 | -0.12 | -0.23 | -0.34 | -0.30 |
| Haiti | -1.00 | -1.11 | -1.22 | -1.29 | -1.36 | -1.46 | -1.55 | -1.52 | -1.66 | -1.33 | -1.28 | -1.30 | -1.29 | -1.49 | -1.63 | -1.67 | -1.65 | -1.58 | -2.04 | -2.02 | -2.06 |
| Honduras | -0.74 | -0.65 | -0.55 | -0.54 | -0.52 | -0.56 | -0.59 | -0.64 | -0.62 | -0.67 | -0.65 | -0.55 | -0.62 | -0.68 | -0.64 | -0.54 | -0.70 | -0.73 | -0.81 | -0.82 | -0.73 |
| Hong Kong | 1.04 | 1.10 | 1.15 | 1.24 | 1.33 | 1.36 | 1.39 | 1.65 | 1.76 | 1.61 | 1.91 | 1.87 | 1.86 | 1.74 | 1.68 | 1.65 | 1.83 | 1.75 | 1.83 | 1.91 | 1.86 |
| Hungary | 0.86 | 0.93 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.02 | 1.05 | 0.96 | 0.86 | 0.77 | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.63 | 0.65 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.45 |
| Iceland | 1.86 | 1.89 | 1.91 | 1.97 | 2.03 | 2.03 | 2.02 | 2.11 | 2.07 | 1.97 | 1.89 | 1.80 | 1.83 | 1.64 | 1.59 | 1.58 | 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.41 |
| India | -0.11 | -0.09 | -0.06 | -0.10 | -0.13 | -0.13 | -0.12 | -0.09 | -0.16 | -0.11 | -0.10 | 0.12 | -0.02 | -0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 | -0.17 | -0.17 | -0.21 | 0.09 | 0.10 |
| Indonesia | -0.71 | -0.66 | -0.61 | -0.45 | -0.29 | -0.35 | -0.41 | -0.46 | -0.42 | -0.48 | -0.33 | -0.28 | -0.24 | -0.30 | -0.21 | -0.26 | -0.27 | -0.20 | -0.04 | -0.24 | 0.01 |
| Iran | -0.60 | -0.54 | -0.48 | -0.49 | -0.49 | -0.52 | -0.54 | -0.47 | -0.44 | -0.62 | -0.53 | -0.61 | -0.64 | -0.55 | -0.48 | -0.43 | -0.53 | -0.68 | -0.43 | -0.21 | -0.20 |
| Iraq | -2.09 | -2.02 | -1.95 | -1.97 | -1.98 | -1.97 | -1.95 | -1.70 | -1.59 | -1.63 | -1.72 | -1.57 | -1.24 | -1.18 | -1.20 | -1.13 | -1.11 | -1.10 | -1.11 | -1.25 | -1.26 |
| Ireland | 1.67 | 1.74 | 1.80 | 1.74 | 1.67 | 1.65 | 1.63 | 1.56 | 1.54 | 1.74 | 1.54 | 1.56 | 1.50 | 1.34 | 1.35 | 1.46 | 1.55 | 1.49 | 1.60 | 1.53 | 1.35 |
| Israel | 0.77 | 0.93 | 1.09 | 1.10 | 1.11 | 1.10 | 1.08 | 1.20 | 1.26 | 1.04 | 1.25 | 1.24 | 1.33 | 1.28 | 1.39 | 1.34 | 1.28 | 1.25 | 1.21 | 1.39 | 1.35 |
| Italy | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.65 | 0.56 | 0.36 | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.37 | 0.45 | 0.52 |
| Jamaica | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.17 | -0.12 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 0.41 |
| Japan | 0.91 | 0.99 | 1.07 | 1.14 | 1.20 | 1.14 | 1.07 | 1.22 | 1.36 | 1.29 | 1.59 | 1.45 | 1.46 | 1.45 | 1.53 | 1.47 | 1.42 | 1.62 | 1.81 | 1.78 | 1.83 |
| Jordan | -0.03 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.02 | -0.02 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.21 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.10 | 0.09 | -0.01 | -0.05 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.14 |
| Kazakhstan | -0.96 | -0.88 | -0.80 | -0.75 | -0.69 | -0.81 | -0.93 | -0.63 | -0.65 | -0.62 | -0.43 | -0.58 | -0.46 | -0.39 | -0.44 | -0.41 | -0.44 | -0.53 | -0.04 | -0.07 | -0.06 |
| Kenya | -0.52 | -0.51 | -0.50 | -0.52 | -0.53 | -0.58 | -0.63 | -0.62 | -0.59 | -0.70 | -0.62 | -0.50 | -0.59 | -0.63 | -0.56 | -0.57 | -0.52 | -0.46 | -0.33 | -0.29 | -0.31 |
| Kiribati | -0.53 | -0.35 | -0.17 | -0.20 | -0.22 | -0.75 | -0.61 | -0.47 | -0.49 | -0.67 | -0.70 | -0.78 | -0.85 | -0.78 | -0.80 | -0.77 | -0.56 | -0.49 | -0.45 | ||
| North Korea | -1.89 | -1.92 | -1.95 | -1.90 | -1.84 | -1.85 | -1.85 | -1.80 | -1.73 | -1.72 | -1.75 | -2.08 | -2.02 | -1.78 | -1.87 | -1.87 | -1.91 | -1.90 | -1.64 | -1.63 | -1.65 |
| South Korea | 0.47 | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.56 | 0.75 | 0.83 | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.99 | 1.05 | 1.24 | 1.05 | 1.09 | 1.20 | 1.25 | 1.20 | 1.13 | 1.16 | 1.01 | 1.07 |
| Kosovo | -0.33 | -0.20 | -0.49 | -0.41 | -0.58 | -0.46 | -0.35 | -0.38 | -0.32 | -0.41 | -0.44 | ||||||||||
| Kuwait | 0.12 | 0.03 | -0.06 | -0.07 | -0.08 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.10 | -0.01 | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.02 | -0.07 | -0.07 | -0.15 | -0.03 | -0.18 |
| Kyrgyzstan | -0.38 | -0.24 | -0.10 | -0.30 | -0.50 | -0.56 | -0.62 | -0.57 | -0.68 | -0.88 | -0.81 | -0.78 | -0.79 | -0.96 | -0.65 | -0.64 | -0.65 | -0.65 | -0.87 | -0.91 | -0.90 |
| Laos | -0.64 | -0.61 | -0.58 | -0.68 | -0.78 | -0.85 | -0.91 | -1.00 | -1.00 | -1.21 | -0.98 | -0.90 | -0.88 | -0.95 | -0.86 | -0.83 | -0.84 | -0.73 | -0.42 | -0.51 | -0.39 |
| Latvia | 0.49 | 0.36 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.33 | 0.44 | 0.55 | 0.65 | 0.61 | 0.57 | 0.69 | 0.48 | 0.56 | 0.62 | 0.71 | 0.70 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.96 | 1.09 | 1.00 |
| Lebanon | -0.13 | -0.07 | -0.01 | -0.10 | -0.19 | -0.24 | -0.29 | -0.21 | -0.26 | -0.19 | -0.26 | -0.33 | -0.42 | -0.47 | -0.28 | -0.27 | -0.35 | -0.40 | -0.38 | -0.47 | -0.53 |
| Lesotho | -0.12 | -0.10 | -0.08 | -0.11 | -0.13 | -0.09 | -0.04 | -0.09 | -0.35 | -0.14 | -0.46 | -0.43 | -0.40 | -0.29 | -0.31 | -0.31 | -0.38 | -0.42 | -0.56 | -0.68 | -0.80 |
| Liberia | -1.72 | -1.80 | -1.88 | -1.83 | -1.77 | -1.65 | -1.52 | -1.39 | -1.53 | -1.41 | -1.28 | -1.21 | -1.28 | -1.23 | -1.28 | -1.25 | -1.17 | -1.38 | -1.34 | -1.39 | -1.32 |
| Libya | -0.88 | -0.91 | -0.94 | -1.02 | -1.09 | -1.05 | -1.00 | -0.88 | -0.85 | -1.04 | -1.06 | -1.22 | -1.18 | -1.09 | -1.10 | -1.31 | -1.47 | -1.47 | -1.69 | -1.65 | -1.89 |
| Liechtenstein | 1.67 | 1.70 | 1.72 | 1.72 | 1.71 | 1.70 | 1.69 | 1.67 | 1.72 | 1.56 | 1.80 | 1.76 | 1.80 | 1.80 | 1.78 | 1.77 | 1.79 | 1.75 | 1.71 | 1.69 | 1.70 |
| Lithuania | 0.53 | 0.42 | 0.31 | 0.23 | 0.14 | 0.35 | 0.56 | 0.76 | 0.71 | 0.78 | 0.73 | 0.70 | 0.62 | 0.69 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.98 | 1.19 | 1.09 |
| Luxembourg | 1.96 | 2.00 | 2.04 | 2.01 | 1.97 | 2.01 | 2.04 | 1.92 | 1.90 | 1.78 | 1.57 | 1.59 | 1.63 | 1.75 | 1.72 | 1.75 | 1.67 | 1.63 | 1.65 | 1.72 | 1.69 |
| Macau | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.55 | 0.66 | 0.77 | 0.88 | 1.41 | 1.20 | 1.29 | 1.03 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.35 | 1.36 | 1.33 | 1.09 | 1.06 | 1.47 | 1.45 | 1.18 |
| Macedonia (F.Y.R.O.M.) | -0.64 | -0.62 | -0.60 | -0.68 | -0.75 | -0.64 | -0.52 | -0.37 | -0.18 | -0.33 | -0.11 | -0.21 | -0.02 | -0.05 | -0.09 | -0.11 | -0.07 | -0.05 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.09 |
| Madagascar | -0.45 | -0.60 | -0.74 | -0.66 | -0.58 | -0.49 | -0.39 | -0.41 | -0.49 | -0.35 | -0.60 | -0.46 | -0.65 | -0.80 | -0.96 | -1.03 | -1.09 | -1.13 | -1.30 | -1.30 | -1.17 |
| Malawi | -0.29 | -0.28 | -0.26 | -0.30 | -0.34 | -0.53 | -0.71 | -0.69 | -0.77 | -0.81 | -0.86 | -0.54 | -0.55 | -0.47 | -0.41 | -0.43 | -0.48 | -0.48 | -0.63 | -0.67 | -0.73 |
| Malaysia | 0.54 | 0.65 | 0.76 | 0.91 | 1.06 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.16 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 1.27 | 1.24 | 1.11 | 0.98 | 1.12 | 1.02 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 1.12 | 0.95 | 0.88 |
| Maldives | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.63 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.11 | -0.01 | 0.20 | 0.13 | 0.08 | -0.23 | -0.44 | -0.21 | -0.31 | -0.22 | -0.32 | -0.36 | -0.38 | -0.33 |
| Mali | -1.00 | -0.99 | -0.98 | -0.89 | -0.80 | -0.68 | -0.56 | -0.57 | -0.66 | -0.71 | -0.74 | -0.75 | -0.77 | -0.80 | -0.86 | -0.82 | -1.00 | -0.90 | -1.10 | -0.93 | -0.99 |
| Malta | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 1.02 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 0.94 | 0.80 | 0.82 | 1.03 | 1.21 | 1.28 | 1.17 | 1.19 | 1.20 | 1.25 | 1.26 | 1.03 | 0.85 | 0.95 |
| Marshall Islands | -0.40 | -0.62 | -0.83 | -0.98 | -1.13 | -1.04 | -0.94 | -1.04 | -1.16 | -1.29 | -1.30 | -1.40 | -1.28 | -1.46 | -1.44 | -1.57 | -1.56 | -1.60 | -1.56 | ||
| Martinique | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.86 | 0.76 | 0.77 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.70 | 0.75 | 0.80 |
| Mauritania | -0.12 | -0.09 | -0.06 | -0.10 | -0.14 | 0.00 | 0.05 | -0.43 | -0.29 | -0.87 | -0.91 | -0.98 | -0.89 | -0.97 | -0.95 | -0.91 | -1.00 | -0.99 | -1.03 | -0.79 | |
| Mauritius | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.72 | 0.63 | 0.61 | 0.69 | 0.75 | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.98 | 0.88 | 1.04 | 1.05 | 0.96 |
| Mexico | 0.23 | 0.30 | 0.36 | 0.30 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.14 |
| Micronesia | NA | -0.40 | -0.53 | -0.65 | -0.71 | -0.77 | -0.79 | -0.60 | -0.10 | -0.30 | -0.73 | -0.73 | -0.71 | -0.80 | -0.75 | -0.64 | -0.57 | -0.50 | -0.40 | -0.35 | |
| Moldova | -0.22 | -0.31 | -0.40 | -0.46 | -0.51 | -0.54 | -0.56 | -0.67 | -0.87 | -0.75 | -0.79 | -0.82 | -0.77 | -0.56 | -0.66 | -0.62 | -0.57 | -0.41 | -0.42 | -0.65 | -0.62 |
| Mongolia | -0.38 | -0.32 | -0.26 | -0.27 | -0.28 | -0.22 | -0.15 | -0.23 | -0.41 | -0.38 | -0.48 | -0.54 | -0.53 | -0.67 | -0.57 | -0.59 | -0.64 | -0.55 | -0.44 | -0.42 | -0.11 |
| Montenegro | 0.35 | -0.13 | -0.22 | -0.03 | -0.02 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.27 | 0.16 | 0.10 | |||||||||
| Morocco | -0.10 | 0.00 | -0.07 | -0.11 | -0.15 | -0.14 | -0.13 | -0.28 | -0.16 | -0.17 | -0.18 | -0.14 | -0.10 | -0.15 | -0.06 | -0.04 | -0.07 | -0.06 | -0.10 | ||
| Mozambique | -0.14 | -0.27 | -0.39 | -0.41 | -0.43 | -0.41 | -0.38 | -0.48 | -0.54 | -0.52 | -0.62 | -0.51 | -0.51 | -0.55 | -0.58 | -0.64 | -0.63 | -0.61 | -0.72 | -0.75 | -0.85 |
| Burma (Myanmar) | -1.21 | -1.21 | -1.20 | -1.22 | -1.23 | -1.27 | -1.31 | -1.24 | -1.56 | -1.53 | -1.45 | -1.48 | -1.53 | -1.61 | -1.62 | -1.60 | -1.48 | -1.50 | -1.28 | -1.24 | -0.98 |
| Namibia | 0.43 | 0.33 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.23 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.18 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.17 |
| Nauru | -0.58 | -0.43 | -0.39 | -0.56 | -0.58 | -0.56 | -0.58 | -0.57 | -0.54 | -0.69 | |||||||||||
| Nepal | -0.38 | -0.50 | -0.62 | -0.54 | -0.46 | -0.46 | -0.46 | -0.52 | -0.75 | -0.85 | -0.91 | -0.71 | -0.80 | -0.95 | -0.87 | -0.90 | -0.98 | -0.93 | -0.85 | -1.05 | -0.81 |
| Netherlands | 1.94 | 2.01 | 2.08 | 2.08 | 2.07 | 2.04 | 2.00 | 2.02 | 2.09 | 1.94 | 1.79 | 1.73 | 1.70 | 1.74 | 1.73 | 1.79 | 1.81 | 1.78 | 1.82 | 1.83 | 1.84 |
| Caribbean Netherlands | 1.20 | 1.03 | 0.77 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.75 | |||||||||||
| New Zealand | 1.77 | 1.73 | 1.69 | 1.68 | 1.66 | 1.70 | 1.74 | 1.83 | 1.96 | 1.75 | 1.59 | 1.66 | 1.68 | 1.85 | 1.82 | 1.88 | 1.80 | 1.76 | 1.93 | 1.88 | 1.86 |
| Nicaragua | -0.57 | -0.60 | -0.62 | -0.62 | -0.62 | -0.70 | -0.77 | -0.67 | -0.73 | -0.82 | -0.88 | -0.94 | -0.91 | -0.96 | -0.96 | -0.90 | -0.89 | -0.82 | -0.84 | -0.82 | -0.70 |
| Niger | -1.17 | -1.10 | -1.03 | -1.04 | -1.04 | -0.94 | -0.83 | -0.67 | -0.66 | -0.77 | -0.78 | -0.78 | -0.70 | -0.65 | -0.66 | -0.62 | -0.68 | -0.72 | -0.70 | -0.61 | -0.59 |
| Nigeria | -0.92 | -1.02 | -1.12 | -1.04 | -0.96 | -1.00 | -1.03 | -0.96 | -0.94 | -0.89 | -0.97 | -1.04 | -0.98 | -1.21 | -1.17 | -1.10 | -1.00 | -0.99 | -1.19 | -0.96 | -1.09 |
| Niue | -0.98 | -1.01 | -0.97 | -1.00 | -0.99 | NA | NA | NA | |||||||||||||
| Norway | 1.95 | 1.97 | 1.98 | 1.94 | 1.90 | 1.90 | 1.90 | 1.90 | 2.08 | 1.86 | 1.88 | 2.02 | 1.84 | 1.84 | 1.88 | 1.84 | 1.91 | 1.88 | 1.83 | 1.86 | 1.88 |
| Oman | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.39 | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.50 | 0.48 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.27 | 0.08 | 0.19 |
| Pakistan | -0.62 | -0.54 | -0.46 | -0.53 | -0.60 | -0.51 | -0.41 | -0.40 | -0.46 | -0.45 | -0.38 | -0.48 | -0.72 | -0.80 | -0.77 | -0.82 | -0.78 | -0.79 | -0.76 | -0.67 | -0.64 |
| Palau | -0.60 | -0.55 | -0.85 | -0.58 | -0.56 | -0.58 | -0.57 | -0.54 | -0.41 | ||||||||||||
| Panama | 0.22 | 0.30 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.03 | -0.06 | -0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.19 |
| Papua New Guinea | -0.34 | -0.42 | -0.50 | -0.47 | -0.43 | -0.45 | -0.47 | -0.60 | -0.65 | -0.88 | -0.75 | -0.65 | -0.69 | -0.74 | -0.72 | -0.71 | -0.74 | -0.66 | -0.61 | -0.61 | -0.73 |
| Paraguay | -0.91 | -0.99 | -1.06 | -1.11 | -1.16 | -1.12 | -1.07 | -0.92 | -0.95 | -0.80 | -0.96 | -0.87 | -0.89 | -0.92 | -0.93 | -0.84 | -0.89 | -0.87 | -0.92 | -0.95 | -0.77 |
| Peru | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.17 | 0.06 | -0.06 | -0.20 | -0.34 | -0.44 | -0.51 | -0.61 | -0.67 | -0.52 | -0.36 | -0.42 | -0.19 | -0.16 | -0.14 | -0.11 | -0.27 | -0.28 | -0.17 |
| Philippines | -0.31 | -0.14 | 0.03 | -0.08 | -0.18 | -0.16 | -0.13 | -0.10 | -0.24 | -0.04 | -0.13 | 0.07 | 0.02 | -0.03 | 0.00 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.11 | -0.01 |
| Poland | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.69 | 0.65 | 0.61 | 0.56 | 0.51 | 0.55 | 0.47 | 0.48 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.47 | 0.53 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.68 | 0.72 | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.69 |
| Portugal | 1.27 | 1.22 | 1.16 | 1.09 | 1.02 | 1.12 | 1.21 | 1.17 | 1.06 | 1.06 | 0.87 | 0.90 | 1.09 | 1.16 | 1.01 | 0.95 | 1.04 | 1.23 | 0.99 | 1.22 | 1.22 |
| Puerto Rico | 1.16 | 1.19 | 1.21 | 1.20 | 1.18 | 1.17 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 0.98 | 1.03 | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.60 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.40 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.38 |
| Qatar | 0.56 | 0.51 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.53 | 0.40 | 0.58 | 0.44 | 0.60 | 0.97 | 0.85 | 0.75 | 0.94 | 1.06 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.75 |
| Reunion | 1.18 | 1.03 | 1.03 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 1.01 | 0.95 | 1.01 | 1.06 | ||||||||
| Romania | -0.29 | -0.43 | -0.57 | -0.47 | -0.37 | -0.29 | -0.20 | -0.26 | -0.21 | -0.31 | -0.21 | -0.32 | -0.32 | -0.36 | -0.27 | -0.33 | -0.31 | -0.07 | -0.03 | -0.06 | -0.17 |
| Russia | -0.45 | -0.59 | -0.73 | -0.73 | -0.72 | -0.52 | -0.31 | -0.40 | -0.44 | -0.50 | -0.44 | -0.39 | -0.36 | -0.41 | -0.47 | -0.47 | -0.42 | -0.35 | -0.11 | -0.20 | -0.22 |
| Rwanda | -1.15 | -1.02 | -0.88 | -0.77 | -0.65 | -0.78 | -0.91 | -0.69 | -0.56 | -0.91 | -0.25 | -0.20 | -0.13 | -0.15 | -0.05 | 0.07 | -0.05 | 0.02 | -0.03 | -0.05 | 0.11 |
| Samoa | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.39 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.06 | 0.46 | 0.32 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.03 | -0.04 | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.45 | 0.51 | 0.54 |
| Saudi Arabia | -0.18 | -0.19 | -0.20 | -0.21 | -0.22 | -0.26 | -0.30 | -0.30 | -0.36 | -0.37 | -0.17 | -0.12 | -0.09 | -0.10 | -0.01 | -0.30 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.24 |
| Senegal | 0.08 | -0.01 | -0.10 | -0.11 | -0.12 | -0.06 | 0.01 | -0.26 | -0.17 | -0.23 | -0.29 | -0.47 | -0.16 | -0.51 | -0.58 | -0.50 | -0.47 | -0.42 | -0.40 | -0.45 | -0.47 |
| Serbia | -1.06 | -0.97 | -0.88 | -0.87 | -0.85 | -0.68 | -0.51 | -0.62 | -0.21 | -0.33 | -0.21 | -0.23 | -0.19 | -0.04 | -0.05 | -0.09 | -0.10 | -0.09 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.09 |
| Seychelles | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.31 | 0.19 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.14 | -0.02 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.40 | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.42 | 0.36 |
| Sierra Leone | -1.41 | -1.40 | -1.38 | -1.39 | -1.40 | -1.43 | -1.46 | -1.15 | -1.08 | -1.34 | -1.11 | -1.15 | -1.15 | -1.20 | -1.22 | -1.19 | -1.23 | -1.23 | -1.24 | -1.28 | -1.20 |
| Singapore | 1.99 | 2.07 | 2.15 | 2.18 | 2.20 | 2.03 | 1.85 | 1.95 | 1.99 | 1.96 | 2.21 | 2.38 | 2.44 | 2.27 | 2.24 | 2.15 | 2.17 | 2.09 | 2.18 | 2.24 | 2.21 |
| Slovakia | 0.46 | 0.50 | 0.54 | 0.58 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.60 | 0.71 | 0.87 | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.73 | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.83 | 0.84 | 0.79 | 0.88 | 0.84 | 0.89 |
| Slovenia | 0.89 | 0.86 | 0.83 | 0.79 | 0.75 | 0.84 | 0.92 | 1.08 | 0.92 | 0.89 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 1.19 | 1.15 | 1.03 | 0.99 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.01 | 0.97 | 1.12 |
| Solomon Islands | -0.80 | -0.88 | -0.96 | -1.51 | -2.05 | -2.27 | -1.27 | -0.67 | -1.01 | -1.08 | -1.00 | -1.10 | -0.95 | -0.86 | -0.81 | -0.82 | -1.07 | -1.02 | -0.99 | ||
| Somalia | -1.96 | -2.02 | -2.07 | -2.14 | -2.20 | -1.86 | -1.51 | -1.99 | -2.05 | -2.13 | -2.19 | -2.23 | -2.40 | -2.23 | -2.21 | -2.14 | -2.20 | -2.22 | -2.45 | -2.20 | -2.18 |
| South Africa | 1.02 | 0.84 | 0.66 | 0.70 | 0.73 | 0.70 | 0.67 | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.44 | 0.47 | 0.51 | 0.48 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.44 | 0.34 | 0.26 | 0.27 |
| South Sudan | -1.88 | -1.58 | -1.68 | -2.07 | -2.16 | -2.26 | |||||||||||||||
| Spain | 1.62 | 1.64 | 1.66 | 1.71 | 1.76 | 1.81 | 1.85 | 1.88 | 1.35 | 1.51 | 0.84 | 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 1.03 | 1.12 | 1.15 | 1.16 | 1.17 | 1.12 |
| Sri Lanka | -0.18 | -0.28 | -0.37 | -0.34 | -0.30 | -0.17 | -0.04 | -0.20 | -0.42 | -0.31 | -0.16 | -0.08 | -0.12 | -0.15 | -0.20 | -0.11 | -0.21 | -0.17 | 0.05 | -0.01 | -0.21 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | -0.40 | -0.23 | -0.06 | -0.17 | -0.28 | -0.30 | 0.05 | 0.94 | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.69 | 0.79 | 0.71 | 0.76 | 0.84 | 0.89 | -0.07 | 0.12 | 0.14 | ||
| Saint Lucia | -0.27 | -0.10 | 0.08 | -0.03 | -0.13 | 0.00 | 0.14 | 0.99 | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.69 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.85 | 0.66 | 0.71 | -0.02 | -0.08 | 0.01 | ||
| Saint Vincent and Grenadines | -0.13 | -0.03 | 0.08 | -0.03 | -0.13 | -0.15 | 0.17 | 0.94 | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.69 | 0.79 | 0.71 | 0.76 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.21 | ||
| Sudan | -0.99 | -1.09 | -1.19 | -1.18 | -1.17 | -1.14 | -1.11 | -1.25 | -1.22 | -1.40 | -1.14 | -1.10 | -1.27 | -1.25 | -1.34 | -1.38 | -1.42 | -1.49 | -1.53 | -1.46 | -1.41 |
| Suriname | -0.69 | -0.58 | -0.47 | -0.30 | -0.13 | -0.15 | -0.17 | -0.11 | -0.03 | -0.05 | -0.32 | -0.28 | -0.12 | -0.07 | -0.10 | -0.12 | -0.01 | -0.02 | -0.18 | -0.35 | -0.34 |
| Swaziland | -0.64 | -0.62 | -0.59 | -0.63 | -0.66 | -0.59 | -0.52 | -0.73 | -1.01 | -1.05 | -0.79 | -0.83 | -0.75 | -0.72 | -0.54 | -0.68 | -0.53 | -0.45 | -0.56 | -0.54 | -0.56 |
| Sweden | 1.92 | 1.94 | 1.96 | 1.96 | 1.96 | 2.00 | 2.03 | 2.08 | 2.12 | 1.89 | 1.80 | 2.03 | 1.96 | 2.05 | 2.00 | 1.97 | 1.96 | 1.91 | 1.80 | 1.82 | 1.79 |
| Switzerland | 1.76 | 1.87 | 1.98 | 2.01 | 2.04 | 2.02 | 2.00 | 1.82 | 2.18 | 1.85 | 2.08 | 2.04 | 2.04 | 1.95 | 1.88 | 1.87 | 1.89 | 1.82 | 2.11 | 2.00 | 2.03 |
| Syria | -0.80 | -0.93 | -1.06 | -1.01 | -0.96 | -0.92 | -0.88 | -1.09 | -1.04 | -1.14 | -0.92 | -0.81 | -0.66 | -0.60 | -0.61 | -0.50 | -1.15 | -1.40 | -1.40 | -1.59 | -1.82 |
| Taiwan | 0.55 | 0.70 | 0.85 | 0.80 | 0.74 | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.98 | 1.11 | 0.95 | 1.20 | 1.11 | 1.14 | 1.16 | 1.18 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 1.21 | 1.37 | 1.40 | 1.37 |
| Tajikistan | -1.41 | -1.41 | -1.41 | -1.30 | -1.19 | -1.21 | -1.23 | -1.11 | -0.97 | -1.15 | -1.06 | -1.11 | -1.07 | -1.11 | -0.92 | -0.95 | -0.93 | -1.06 | -0.78 | -0.85 | -1.02 |
| Tanzania | -0.69 | -0.57 | -0.45 | -0.44 | -0.42 | -0.41 | -0.40 | -0.40 | -0.46 | -0.41 | -0.38 | -0.40 | -0.49 | -0.60 | -0.60 | -0.65 | -0.69 | -0.71 | -0.66 | -0.61 | -0.55 |
| Thailand | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.22 | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.34 |
| Timor Leste | -0.73 | -0.93 | -0.68 | -0.99 | -1.20 | -1.13 | -1.05 | -1.17 | -1.22 | -1.15 | -1.18 | -1.23 | -1.18 | -1.05 | -1.03 | ||||||
| Togo | -0.69 | -0.79 | -0.89 | -1.02 | -1.14 | -1.21 | -1.28 | -1.43 | -1.55 | -1.44 | -1.54 | -1.53 | -1.50 | -1.38 | -1.39 | -1.37 | -1.31 | -1.29 | -1.25 | -1.19 | -1.08 |
| Tonga | -0.27 | -0.38 | -0.48 | -0.65 | -0.81 | -0.48 | -0.60 | -0.55 | -0.66 | -0.48 | -0.46 | -0.35 | -0.32 | -0.36 | -0.41 | -0.40 | -0.07 | -0.33 | -0.29 | ||
| Trinidad and Tobago | -0.10 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.38 | 0.45 | 0.41 | 0.36 | 0.46 | 0.35 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.41 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.22 |
| Tunisia | 0.38 | 0.46 | 0.53 | 0.52 | 0.50 | 0.54 | 0.58 | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.64 | 0.47 | 0.31 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.02 | -0.03 | -0.07 | -0.12 | -0.10 | -0.21 |
| Turkey | -0.08 | -0.17 | -0.26 | -0.13 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.31 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.35 | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.22 | 0.05 |
| Turkmenistan | -1.15 | -1.16 | -1.17 | -1.22 | -1.27 | -1.37 | -1.46 | -1.47 | -1.64 | -1.61 | -1.53 | -1.43 | -1.42 | -1.45 | -1.56 | -1.60 | -1.26 | -1.28 | -0.84 | -0.85 | -1.14 |
| Tuvalu | 0.50 | 0.26 | 0.02 | -1.07 | -0.78 | 0.02 | -0.34 | -0.45 | -0.57 | -0.44 | -0.49 | -0.80 | -0.69 | -0.66 | -0.93 | -0.96 | -0.93 | ||||
| Uganda | -0.69 | -0.55 | -0.40 | -0.40 | -0.40 | -0.42 | -0.44 | -0.38 | -0.39 | -0.56 | -0.54 | -0.43 | -0.58 | -0.62 | -0.53 | -0.52 | -0.57 | -0.59 | -0.50 | -0.49 | -0.57 |
| Ukraine | -0.67 | -0.78 | -0.88 | -0.79 | -0.70 | -0.66 | -0.62 | -0.58 | -0.60 | -0.64 | -0.49 | -0.67 | -0.72 | -0.83 | -0.78 | -0.82 | -0.58 | -0.65 | -0.41 | -0.52 | -0.58 |
| United Arab Emirates | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.58 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.99 | 0.90 | 1.06 | 1.15 | 1.18 | 1.44 | 1.51 | 1.41 |
| United Kingdom | 1.88 | 1.91 | 1.93 | 1.89 | 1.85 | 1.85 | 1.84 | 1.81 | 1.89 | 1.77 | 1.67 | 1.65 | 1.64 | 1.51 | 1.57 | 1.56 | 1.55 | 1.50 | 1.63 | 1.74 | 1.61 |
| United States | 1.52 | 1.64 | 1.76 | 1.78 | 1.80 | 1.74 | 1.68 | 1.60 | 1.76 | 1.54 | 1.59 | 1.65 | 1.61 | 1.51 | 1.56 | 1.52 | 1.53 | 1.52 | 1.47 | 1.46 | 1.48 |
| Uruguay | 0.58 | 0.53 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.53 | 0.61 | 0.50 | 0.32 | 0.50 | 0.39 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.63 | 0.55 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.53 | 0.55 |
| Uzbekistan | -1.20 | -1.27 | -1.33 | -1.16 | -0.98 | -1.09 | -1.19 | -1.10 | -1.03 | -1.21 | -1.16 | -1.11 | -0.87 | -0.63 | -0.71 | -0.69 | -0.91 | -0.91 | -0.63 | -0.67 | -0.60 |
| Vanuatu | NA | -0.40 | -0.47 | -0.53 | -0.66 | -0.79 | -0.85 | -0.63 | -0.29 | -0.43 | -0.43 | -0.30 | -0.32 | -0.27 | -0.24 | -0.22 | -0.21 | -0.53 | -0.78 | -0.88 | |
| Venezuela | -0.54 | -0.67 | -0.79 | -0.77 | -0.74 | -0.88 | -1.01 | -0.96 | -1.07 | -0.93 | -1.06 | -1.09 | -1.14 | -0.99 | -1.11 | -1.19 | -1.15 | -1.17 | -1.23 | -1.22 | -1.29 |
| Vietnam | -0.58 | -0.48 | -0.38 | -0.41 | -0.44 | -0.44 | -0.44 | -0.45 | -0.48 | -0.23 | -0.25 | -0.24 | -0.21 | -0.26 | -0.26 | -0.23 | -0.27 | -0.27 | -0.07 | 0.07 | 0.01 |
| Virgin Islands (U.S.) | 0.66 | 1.29 | 1.29 | 1.25 | 1.28 | 1.28 | 1.26 | 1.25 | 1.27 | 1.28 | 1.21 | 1.27 | 1.33 | ||||||||
| West Bank and Gaza | -1.15 | -1.13 | -1.11 | -1.15 | -1.18 | -1.09 | -1.00 | -1.18 | -0.78 | -1.06 | -0.97 | -1.10 | -1.27 | -0.67 | -0.37 | -0.59 | -0.71 | -0.73 | -0.49 | -0.47 | -0.62 |
| Yemen | -0.62 | -0.68 | -0.74 | -0.76 | -0.78 | -0.80 | -0.81 | -0.73 | -0.91 | -0.91 | -0.90 | -0.87 | -0.88 | -1.07 | -1.02 | -1.15 | -1.27 | -1.22 | -1.41 | -1.63 | -1.82 |
| Zambia | -1.13 | -1.00 | -0.87 | -0.88 | -0.88 | -0.83 | -0.78 | -0.84 | -0.87 | -0.94 | -0.85 | -0.72 | -0.73 | -0.81 | -0.85 | -0.66 | -0.48 | -0.49 | -0.50 | -0.56 | -0.66 |
| Zimbabwe | -0.32 | -0.33 | -0.33 | -0.57 | -0.80 | -0.86 | -0.91 | -1.01 | -1.00 | -1.33 | -1.23 | -1.26 | -1.53 | -1.55 | -1.51 | -1.37 | -1.34 | -1.28 | -1.21 | -1.16 | -1.16 |
Reflects perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government’s commitment to such policies. Estimates of governance range from approximately -2.5 (weak) to 2.5 (strong) governance performance.
Source: World Bank